JLPT N5 · Sentence patterns
どんな (donna)
どんな~ — “what kind of ~”
In short · A question word that asks about the kind, nature or character of a thing or person. It comes right before a noun: どんな + noun.
Pattern
-
どんな+名詞どんな + noun (どんな音楽, どんな町)
How to use it
Place it before a noun to ask what type that noun is, as in どんな音楽が好きですか.
How to answer
Answer with an adjective or a description (静かな町です). You describe the nature, not give a name or number.
Difference from どの and 何
Use どの to choose among specific things. どんな asks about kind or quality.
Examples
-
どんな音楽(おんがく)が好(す)きですか。
Donna ongaku ga suki desu ka.
What kind of music do you like?
-
どんな本(ほん)を読(よ)みますか。
Donna hon o yomimasu ka.
What kind of books do you read?
-
どんな町(まち)に住(す)みたいですか。
Donna machi ni sumitai desu ka.
What kind of town do you want to live in?
Common mistakes
- どんな is always followed by a noun. It is not used alone.
- When choosing among concrete options, use どの or どれ.
More grammar points
- だ / です だ / です — “A is B”
- でも でも — “but / however” at the start of a sentence
- どうやって どうやって~ — asking “how / by what means”
- があります ~があります — “there is ~” (things)
- がほしい ~がほしい — “I want ~”
- がいます ~がいます — “there is ~” (people and animals)
- い-adjectives い-adjectives — adjectives ending in ~い
- 一緒(いっしょ)に 一緒に~ — “together (with)”
- じゃない・ではない ~じゃない / ~ではない — the negative of だ and です
- か~か A か B — “A or B”
- けど ~けど — casual “but / although”
- けれども ~けれども — a polite “but / although”
- な-adjectives な-adjectives — take な before a noun
- なる ~になる — “to become ~”
- んです ~んです — explaining the situation
- に行(い)く ~に行く — “go to do ~”
- にする ~にする — deciding on / choosing something
- のです ~のです — the explaining ending (casual: ~んです)
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