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JLPT N5 · Adjectives

な (na)

な-adjectives

In short · Adjectives that take な before a noun. They behave like nouns: use です, and make them negative or past with じゃ ありません / でした.
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Pattern

  • 〜な + N a [adj] N (しずかな へや)
  • 〜です / 〜じゃ ありません / 〜でした is / is not / was [adj]

Describing a noun

A な-adjective needs な before the noun: しずかな へや (a quiet room), きれいな はな (a pretty flower).

They act like nouns

At the end of a sentence they take です just like a noun: この へやは しずかです. No な before です.

Negative and past

Negate and change tense like a noun: しずかじゃ ありません (not quiet), しずかでした (was quiet).

Examples

  • しずかな へやです。

    Shizuka na heya desu.

    It's a quiet room.

    な is needed before the noun.

  • この まちは にぎやかじゃ ありません。

    Kono machi wa nigiyaka ja arimasen.

    This town isn't lively.

  • テストは かんたんでした。

    Tesuto wa kantan deshita.

    The test was easy.

    Past like a noun: 〜でした.

Common mistakes

  • Use な only before a noun (しずかな へや). Don't add な before です: しずかです, not ×しずかなです.
  • Some words look like い-adjectives but are な-adjectives: きれい (pretty) and ゆうめい (famous) take な (きれいな).

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