JLPTMainichi JLPT
English
JLPT N5 · Verb basics

ない (nai)

ない-form — the plain negative

In short · The ない-form is the plain (casual) negative of a verb: "do not do". The polite equivalent is ません.
A free study page from Mainichi JLPT — the app has 429+ grammar points, plus vocabulary and mock exams.See the app

Pattern

  • V-ない do not V (plain)
  • V-ない で ください。 Please don't do V.

What it does

ない is the casual "not": のむ → のまない (don't drink), たべる → たべない (don't eat). It matches the polite ません.

Negative requests

V-ない + で ください means "please don't": ここに はいらないで ください (please don't come in here).

Plain vs polite

Use ない with friends and family; use ません in polite situations. Same meaning, different politeness.

Examples

  • わたしは にくを たべない。

    Watashi wa niku o tabenai.

    I don't eat meat.

  • きょうは いかない。

    Kyō wa ikanai.

    I'm not going today.

  • しゃしんを とらないで ください。

    Shashin o toranaide kudasai.

    Please don't take photos.

Common mistakes

  • ない attaches by group: う-verbs change the final sound to the あ-row + ない (のむ→のまない), not ×のむない.
  • ある (to exist, for things) is irregular: its negative is simply ない, not ×あらない.

More grammar points

Practice this in the app

Mainichi JLPT turns these grammar points into daily quizzes and a readiness gauge — 100% free, no sign-up.

See the app