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JLPT N3 · Conditionals (if / when)

とすれば・としたら・とすると (to sureba / to shitara / to suru to)

とすれば/としたら/とすると — “supposing ~ / if ~”

In short · Plain form + とすれば / としたら / とすると supposes something as true and thinks about what follows: “if we suppose ~.” The condition may not be real. The second half is a judgment, question or prediction based on that assumption.
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Pattern

  • 普通形 + とすれば/としたら/とすると plain form + とすれば / としたら / とすると (行くとしたら, 本当だとすれば)

Meaning and connection

This is a “supposing” condition: 明日行くとしたら, 本当だとすれば. Attach it to the plain form. With nouns and な-adjectives, use だ before it: 本当だとすれば. These three forms are very close in meaning.

Small differences

としたら is the most conversational and suits questions or advice. とすれば is a bit more formal. とすると often leads to a logical conclusion or a surprising result: 今から出発するとすると、着くのは夜になる.

What follows

The second half can be a question, judgment, or prediction. It is natural to ask about plans (何時がいいですか) or describe consequences (大変なことになる).

Examples

  • 明日(あした)行(い)くとしたら、何時(なんじ)がいいですか。

    Ashita iku to shitara, nanji ga ii desu ka.

    If we're to go tomorrow, what time would be good?

  • この話(はなし)が本当(ほんとう)だとすれば、大変(たいへん)なことになる。

    Kono hanashi ga hontō da to sureba, taihen na koto ni naru.

    If this story is true, it will turn into a serious matter.

  • 今(いま)から出発(しゅっぱつ)するとすると、着(つ)くのは夜(よる)になる。

    Ima kara shuppatsu suru to suru to, tsuku no wa yoru ni naru.

    Supposing we leave now, we won't arrive until night.

Common mistakes

  • It is for supposing, not for an ordinary condition. Use ~たら / ~ば for everyday conditions.
  • Do not forget だ with nouns and な-adjectives: 本当だとすれば, not 本当とすれば.

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