代(か)わりに (kawari ni)
~代わりに — instead of ~, in return for ~
Pattern
-
Nの+代わりにNoun + の + 代わりに -
V普通形/Aい/Aなだ→な+代わりにPlain form + 代わりに
Meaning 1: substitution
'A のかわりに B' means doing or using B instead of A. 父の代わりに会議に出る means attending the meeting because your father cannot.
Meaning 2: return or trade-off
~してくれた代わりに、~する expresses giving something back for a favor. It can also balance a good point against a bad one: 安い代わりに、味はよくない (cheap, but the taste suffers).
Examples
-
父(ちち)の代(か)わりに私(わたし)が会議(かいぎ)に出(で)ます。
Chichi no kawari ni watashi ga kaigi ni demasu.
I'll attend the meeting instead of my father.
-
エレベーターの代(か)わりに階段(かいだん)を使(つか)った。
Erebētā no kawari ni kaidan o tsukatta.
I used the stairs instead of the elevator.
-
手伝(てつだ)ってくれた代(か)わりに、昼食(ちゅうしょく)をごちそうした。
Tetsudatte kureta kawari ni, chūshoku o gochisō shita.
In return for helping me, I treated them to lunch.
Common mistakes
- Nouns need の: 父の代わりに, not 父代わりに.
- Tell the two meanings apart by context: substitution or return.
More grammar points
- ばよかった ~ばよかった — I should have ~, if only I had ~
- ばかりで ~ばかりで — only ~ (and nothing else, with a negative feeling)
- ばかりでなく ~ばかりでなく — not only ~ but also ~
- だけでなく ~だけでなく — not only ~ but also ~
- だけど だけど — but, however (casual)
- ふりをする ~ふりをする — pretending to ~
- 一方(いっぽう)だ ~一方だ — keeps ~ing in one direction
- 一体(いったい) 一体 — what on earth ~ (emphasizing a question)
- じゃない ~じゃない — isn't it ~! (surprise or confirmation)
- か何(なに)か ~か何か — ~ or something
- 結局(けっきょく) 結局 — in the end, after all
- きり ~きり — only ~; ever since ~
- っけ ~っけ — was it ~? (recalling)
- ことになっている ~ことになっている — it is the rule or plan that ~
- ことは~が ~ことは~が — it is true that ~, but ~
- くせに ~くせに — even though ~ (with reproach)
- も~ば~も A も ~ば B も ~ — both A and B
- むしろ むしろ — rather, if anything
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