でございます (de gozaimasu)
~でございます — the very polite “to be”
Pattern
-
名詞+でございますnoun + でございます (会議室でございます)
What it is
でございます replaces です in very polite speech. It is a form of 敬語 (keigo), used mainly by service staff and in business. The meaning does not change: こちらが受付です → こちらが受付でございます.
Where you hear it
Shops, hotels, restaurants, phone calls and announcements: 本日は休みでございます (we are closed today). You do not need to use it yourself in daily life; です is enough.
Related forms
The question form is でございますか. The negative is ではございません. Note that ございます is also used in greetings (おはようございます), but there it is a different use.
Examples
-
こちらが会議室(かいぎしつ)でございます。
Kochira ga kaigishitsu de gozaimasu.
This is the meeting room.
Guiding someone politely.
-
あちらが受付(うけつけ)でございます。
Achira ga uketsuke de gozaimasu.
That over there is the reception desk.
あちら is the polite form of あそこ.
-
本日(ほんじつ)は休(やす)みでございます。
Honjitsu wa yasumi de gozaimasu.
We are closed today.
本日 is the formal word for 今日.
Common mistakes
- Don't use it about yourself in casual situations; it sounds too stiff. Use です.
- It replaces です only; the rest of the sentence stays normal.
More grammar points
- ございます ございます — the polite “there is / it is”
- いらっしゃる いらっしゃる — honorific “be / come / go”
- いたします いたします — humble “do”
- なさる なさる — honorific “do”
- お~ください お~ください — polite request (honorific)
- お~になる お~になる — honorific form (respecting someone)
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
- 間(あいだ)に ~間に — “while ~ (something happens during that time)”
- あまり~ない あまり~ない — “not very ~ / not much”
- 後(あと)で ~あとで — “after ~ / later”
- ば ~ば — the conditional “if ~”
- 場合(ばあい)は ~場合は — “in the case of ~ / if ~”
- ばかり ばかり — “nothing but ~ / only ~”
- だけで ~だけで — “just by ~ / with only ~”
- 出(だ)す ~出す — “start ~ing suddenly”
- でも 名詞でも — “~ or something / how about ~?”
- ではないか ~ではないか — “isn’t it ~? / isn’t that so?”
- が必要(がひつよう) ~が必要だ — “~ is necessary / needed”
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