後(あと)で (ato de)
~あとで — “after ~ / later”
Pattern
-
動詞た形+あとでta-form + あとで (した後で) -
名詞+の+あとでnoun + の + あとで (食事の後で)
Connection
After a verb use the plain past form: 宿題をした後で. After a noun use の: 食事の後で. The main verb can be any tense, since the tense follows the main clause.
Stand-alone あとで
あとで by itself means ‘later’: 後で電話します (I'll call later). It does not need a clause before it.
Compared with てから
Both mean ‘after’. てから stresses that the second action starts only once the first is done, while ~たあとで is more neutral about order and does not stress the immediacy. Also, あとで does not require the same subject.
Examples
-
食事(しょくじ)の後(あと)で、薬(くすり)を飲(の)みます。
Shokuji no ato de, kusuri o nomimasu.
I take medicine after meals.
Noun + の + 後で.
-
宿題(しゅくだい)をした後(あと)で、遊(あそ)びに行(い)った。
Shukudai o shita ato de, asobi ni itta.
After I did my homework, I went out to play.
した is the plain past of する.
-
今(いま)は忙(いそが)しいので、後(あと)で電話(でんわ)します。
Ima wa isogashii node, ato de denwa shimasu.
I'm busy right now, so I'll call you later.
Stand-alone 後で = ‘later’.
Common mistakes
- Use the ta-form before 後で: 食べた後で, not 食べる後で.
- After a noun you need の: 食事の後で, not 食事後で (the latter is written style, 食事後).
More grammar points
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
- 間(あいだ)に ~間に — “while ~ (something happens during that time)”
- 頃(ころ / ごろ) 頃(ころ/ごろ)— “around (a time) / when ~”
- 急(きゅう)に 急に — “suddenly”
- までに までに — “by (a deadline)”
- おきに ~おきに — “every ~ / at intervals of ~”
- さっき さっき — a little while ago
- たばかり ~たばかり — “just ~ed”
- たところ ~たところ — “have just ~ed”
- ているところ ~ているところ — “in the middle of ~ing”
- ところ ~ところだ — about to ~, just on the verge of ~
- やっと やっと — finally, at last
- あまり~ない あまり~ない — “not very ~ / not much”
- ば ~ば — the conditional “if ~”
- 場合(ばあい)は ~場合は — “in the case of ~ / if ~”
- ばかり ばかり — “nothing but ~ / only ~”
- だけで ~だけで — “just by ~ / with only ~”
- 出(だ)す ~出す — “start ~ing suddenly”
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