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JLPT N4 · Sentence patterns

ではないか (dewa nai ka)

~ではないか — “isn’t it ~? / isn’t that so?”

In short · ではないか is a rhetorical or confirming question: ‘Isn't it ~?’. The speaker thinks it is so and looks for the listener's agreement, or points out something. It is in the plain, slightly masculine or formal style; the polite form is ではありませんか.
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Pattern

  • 名詞/な形容詞語幹+ではないか noun / na-adj stem + ではないか (間違いではないか)
  • 動詞・い形容詞の普通形+のではないか plain form + のではないか (正しいのではないか)

Connection

After a noun or na-adjective stem, add ではないか: これは君のかばんではないか. After verbs and い-adjectives, use のではないか: その考えは正しいのではないか.

Meaning

It sounds like a question, but the speaker already has an opinion and wants a reaction: ‘Isn't that a mistake?’ In speech it is often ではないか → じゃないか, and with a rising tone it asks, while a falling tone points something out.

Style

ではないか is blunt and has a masculine or written feel. For polite speech, use ではありませんか, or more softly, じゃないですか. With a rising intonation, it becomes a plain question.

Examples

  • それは間違(まちが)いではないか。

    Sore wa machigai de wa nai ka.

    Isn't that a mistake?

    The speaker suspects it is a mistake.

  • これは君(きみ)のかばんではないか。

    Kore wa kimi no kaban de wa nai ka.

    Isn't this your bag?

    Checking something the speaker believes.

  • その考(かんが)えは正(ただ)しいのではないか。

    Sono kangae wa tadashii no de wa nai ka.

    Isn't that idea correct?

    い-adjective needs の before ではないか.

Common mistakes

  • With verbs and い-adjectives you need のではないか, not ではないか directly.
  • It is plain and blunt. To a superior, use ではありませんか or a softer form.

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