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JLPT N3 · Sentence patterns

つもりで (tsumori de)

~つもりで — “with the intention of ~ / as if ~”

In short · Shows the intention or mindset with which someone does an action. It attaches to a verb dictionary form or noun + の, and the main clause says what they do with that intention. It can also mean “acting as if ~ (is the case)”.
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Pattern

  • 動詞辞書形+つもりで+行動 with the intention of doing ~
  • 名詞+の+つもりで treating it as ~; as if it were ~

Intention behind an action

Verb dictionary form + つもりで explains the mindset behind what follows: 留学するつもりで、お金を貯めている. The main clause is usually an ongoing or repeated action.

“Act as if ~”

With nouns, 初心者のつもりで or 客のつもりで means “thinking of yourself as ~”. It is often used for advice such as 最後だと思うつもりで頑張る, asking someone to take a certain attitude.

Not the same as つもりだ

~つもりだ ends a sentence as a plan (留学するつもりだ). ~つもりで connects to another clause and shows the purpose or mindset behind the main action.

Examples

  • 留学(りゅうがく)するつもりで、お金(かね)を貯(た)めている。

    Ryuugaku suru tsumori de, okane o tamete iru.

    I’m saving money with the intention of studying abroad.

    The goal comes first, then the action done for it.

  • 新(あたら)しい店(みせ)を開(ひら)くつもりで、資金(しきん)を集(あつ)めている。

    Atarashii mise o hiraku tsumori de, shikin o atsumete iru.

    I’m gathering funds with the intention of opening a new shop.

  • プロになるつもりで、毎日(まいにち)練習(れんしゅう)を続(つづ)けている。

    Puro ni naru tsumori de, mainichi renshuu o tsudzukete iru.

    I keep practicing every day with the intention of becoming a professional.

Common mistakes

  • The verb before つもりで must be in the dictionary form (or ない-form), not the masu-form: 行くつもりで, not 行きますつもりで.
  • Do not confuse it with つもりだ at sentence end. つもりで needs a following clause.

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