JLPT N3 · Degree & extent
めったに~ない (metta ni~nai)
めったに~ない — rarely ~
In short · Says that something almost never happens or is very infrequent. It is always used with a negative. A negative verb or potential form follows めったに.
Pattern
-
めったに+V否定形めったに + negative verb -
めったに+V可能形否定めったに + negative potential form
Meaning and form
めったに怒らない means 'almost never gets angry.' It speaks of low frequency and does not deny as completely as 全然~ない. It applies to people's habits and the chance of things happening.
Related forms
Close to ほとんど~ない, but めったに means 'very rarely' and concerns frequency only; it does not suit amounts or degrees. めったにない機会 modifies a noun and means a rare, precious chance.
Examples
-
彼(かれ)はめったに怒(おこ)らない。
Kare wa metta ni okoranai.
He rarely gets angry.
-
この店(みせ)はめったに休(やす)まない。
Kono mise wa metta ni yasumanai.
This shop rarely closes.
-
そんな珍(めずら)しい鳥(とり)は、めったに見(み)られない。
Sonna mezurashii tori wa, metta ni mirarenai.
Such a rare bird can rarely be seen.
Common mistakes
- It cannot be used in positive sentences: めったに行く is wrong.
- It is not for amounts or degrees; めったに多い is not said.
More grammar points
- あまり あまりの~に — so ~ that ~
- あまりにも あまりにも — far too ~, excessively
- ば~ほど ~ば~ほど — the more ~, the more ~
- 別(べつ)に~ない 別に~ない — not particularly ~
- だけ だけ — only, just; as much as ~
- どうしても どうしても — no matter what, absolutely
- ほど ~ほど — to the extent of ~
- ほど~ない A ほど~ない — not as ~ as A
- 決(けっ)して~ない 決して~ない — never ~
- くらい / ぐらい くらい/ぐらい — about ~, to the extent of ~
- なかなか なかなか — quite / (not) easily
- なるべく なるべく — as much as possible
- に比(くら)べて ~に比べて — compared with ~
- さえ ~さえ — even ~
- せいぜい せいぜい — at most / at best
- 数量(すうりょう) + は 数量+は — “at least (amount)”
- とても~ない とても~ない — “can't possibly ~”
- よりも ~よりも — “more than ~ / rather than ~”
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