のに (noni)
~のに — “even though ~” (against expectation)
Pattern
-
普通形+のにVerbs and i-adjectives stay in plain form (勉強したのに / 寒いのに) -
名詞・な形容詞+なのにNouns and na-adjectives take な (春なのに / 静かなのに)
Meaning
It joins two real facts where the second is the opposite of what the first would lead you to expect: 頑張ったのに落ちた (I tried hard, yet I failed). Both parts are things that actually happened or are true.
Notes
The speaker usually feels surprise, annoyance or regret. After のに you cannot place a command, request or intention (~てください, ~しよう). For a neutral “but”, use が or けれど instead.
Examples
-
一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい)勉強(べんきょう)したのに、試験(しけん)に落(お)ちました。
Isshōkenmei benkyō shita noni, shiken ni ochimashita.
Even though I studied hard, I failed the exam.
-
もう春(はる)なのに、まだ寒(さむ)い。
Mō haru na noni, mada samui.
Even though it is already spring, it is still cold.
-
薬(くすり)を飲(の)んだのに、熱(ねつ)が下(さ)がらない。
Kusuri o nonda noni, netsu ga sagaranai.
Even though I took medicine, my fever won't go down.
Common mistakes
- With nouns and na-adjectives use なのに, not だのに (春なのに).
- Do not follow のに with a request, command or intention (× 勉強したのに、手伝ってください).
More grammar points
- でも 名詞でも — “~ or something / how about ~?”
- ではないか ~ではないか — “isn’t it ~? / isn’t that so?”
- が必要(がひつよう) ~が必要だ — “~ is necessary / needed”
- がする ~がする — sensing a smell, sound, taste or feeling
- じゃないか ~じゃないか — “isn't it?” / “let's ~, shall we?”
- かどうか ~かどうか — “whether (or not) ~”
- から作(つく)る ~から作る — “made from ~ (raw material)”
- こと こと — turning a verb into a noun
- ことがある ~ことがある — “there are times when ~”
- ことになる ~ことになる — “it has been decided that ~ / it ends up that ~”
- ことにする ~ことにする — “decide to ~”
- くする ~くする — “make it ~” (with i-adjectives)
- まま ~まま — “as it is / left as ~”
- または または — “or”
- など など — “and so on / things like ~”
- ながら ~ながら — doing two things at once
- に気(き)がつく ~に気がつく — “notice ~ / become aware of ~”
- にする ~にする — “decide on ~ / make it ~”
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