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JLPT N4 · Sentence patterns

ことになる (koto ni naru)

~ことになる — “it has been decided that ~ / it ends up that ~”

In short · ことになる says that something has come about, or been decided, by circumstances or by others rather than by the speaker's own choice. It follows the dictionary or ない form, and is common for announcements like transfers or rules.
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Pattern

  • 動詞辞書形・ない形 + ことになる 転勤する → 転勤することになる
  • 〜ことになった/〜ことになりました Most often used in the past: “it has been decided / it came to be that ~”

Where it comes from

こと plus なる (“become”): “it turned out that ~.” The meaning is that things were settled by circumstances outside the speaker. News of a settled result is usually given in the past, ことになった.

When to use it

Use it for personnel changes, meeting schedules and school rules: 来月、大阪へ転勤することになりました. Even when the speaker had a say, it modestly presents the matter as “it was decided.”

Difference from ことにする

ことにする means you decide something yourself; ことになる means it is decided by others or by circumstances. Use ことにした for your own decision and ことになった for a natural course or someone else's decision.

Examples

  • 来月(らいげつ)、大阪(おおさか)へ転勤(てんきん)することになりました。

    Raigetsu, Ōsaka e tenkin suru koto ni narimashita.

    It has been decided that I'll transfer to Osaka next month.

  • 来年(らいねん)、学校(がっこう)が新(あたら)しくなることになった。

    Rainen, gakkō ga atarashiku naru koto ni natta.

    It has been decided that the school will be renewed next year.

  • 会議(かいぎ)は金曜日(きんようび)に行(おこな)うことになりました。

    Kaigi wa kin'yōbi ni okonau koto ni narimashita.

    It has been decided that the meeting will be held on Friday.

Common mistakes

  • For something you decided yourself, use ことにする. 私は毎朝走ることになりました sounds as if someone else decided for you.
  • ことになる cannot be used for commands or requests.

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