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JLPT N5 · Requests, permission & prohibition

てはいけない (te wa ikenai)

~てはいけない — “must not ~”

In short · Verb て-form + はいけない says that something is not allowed: ‘You must not ~’. It is used for rules, signs and warnings. The polite form is ~てはいけません.
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Pattern

  • 動詞て形+はいけない(いけません) te-form + はいけない (吸ってはいけない)

Connection

Change the verb to the て-form and add はいけません: 吸う → 吸って → 吸ってはいけません, 走る → 走ってはいけません. The は is read ‘wa’.

Use

It states what the rules forbid: ここでタバコを吸ってはいけません. It is common on signs and in school or workplace rules. Directly telling a superior this way can sound too strong.

Related forms

In casual speech it contracts to ちゃいけない (食べちゃいけない). The opposite is てもいいです (it is OK to ~). For ‘please don't’, ~ないでください is softer.

Examples

  • ここでタバコを吸(す)ってはいけません。

    Koko de tabako o sutte wa ikemasen.

    You must not smoke here.

    吸う → 吸って. A typical sign.

  • 教室(きょうしつ)で走(はし)ってはいけません。

    Kyōshitsu de hashitte wa ikemasen.

    You must not run in the classroom.

    A school rule.

  • ここに車(くるま)を止(と)めてはいけません。

    Koko ni kuruma o tomete wa ikemasen.

    You must not park your car here.

    止める → 止めて.

Common mistakes

  • は here is read ‘wa’ and is part of the pattern: 吸っては, not 吸っても.
  • It is a strong prohibition. To a superior or a guest, use a gentler request like ~ないでください.

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