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JLPT N4 · Time & sequence

急(きゅう)に (kyuu ni)

急に — “suddenly”

In short · 急に is an adverb meaning “suddenly, abruptly.” It describes a change or event that happens quickly and without warning, and goes before a verb. It is used for both pleasant and unpleasant surprises.
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Pattern

  • 急に + 動詞(変化・出来事) 急に変わる / 急に呼ばれる / 急に用事ができる

Where it comes from

It is the に form of the na-adjective 急だ, used as an adverb. It shares a kanji with 急ぐ, but 急に means “suddenly,” not “quickly.”

When to use it

Use it when weather, feelings or plans change unexpectedly: 急に天気が変わりました, 急に用事ができて、行けなくなった. With the passive (呼ばれた) the feeling of surprise is stronger.

Difference from similar words

突然 is a little more formal and common in writing. いきなり is more casual and stronger in surprise. 急に sits between the two and fits either.

Examples

  • 急(きゅう)に天気(てんき)が変(か)わりました。

    Kyū ni tenki ga kawarimashita.

    The weather changed suddenly.

  • 駅(えき)で急(きゅう)に名前(なまえ)を呼(よ)ばれた。

    Eki de kyū ni namae o yobareta.

    At the station, I was suddenly called by name.

  • 急(きゅう)に用事(ようじ)ができて、行(い)けなくなった。

    Kyū ni yōji ga dekite, ikenaku natta.

    Something suddenly came up, so I couldn't go.

Common mistakes

  • 急に does not mean “quickly.” Do not confuse it with 急いで (急いで走る).
  • Do not drop the に: 急天気が変わった is wrong.

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