JLPT N4 · Verb forms
てあげる (te ageru)
~てあげる — “do ~ for someone”
In short · Shows that you (or your family) do something for someone else. Add あげる to the te-form. The person who receives it is marked with に.
Pattern
-
動詞て形+あげるVerb te-form + あげる (教えてあげる)
How to use it
Use it when you do something helpful out of kindness: 友達に道を教えてあげた. It is the action version of あげる (to give).
Cautions
With a superior it can sound as if you are doing them a favor. Use ~て差し上げる, or offer with ~ましょうか.
Examples
-
友達(ともだち)に駅(えき)までの道(みち)を教(おし)えてあげました。
Tomodachi ni eki made no michi o oshiete agemashita.
I showed my friend the way to the station.
-
妹(いもうと)にケーキを作(つく)ってあげました。
Imōto ni kēki o tsukutte agemashita.
I made a cake for my little sister.
-
道(みち)が分(わ)からない人(ひと)に地図(ちず)をかいてあげた。
Michi ga wakaranai hito ni chizu o kaite ageta.
I drew a map for a person who didn't know the way.
Common mistakes
- Do not use it to superiors.
- The receiver takes に, the thing acted on takes を.
More grammar points
- 意向形(いこうけい) Volitional form (意向形) — “let's ~ / I will ~”
- ことができる ~ことができる — “can ~ / be able to ~”
- られる ~られる — potential form (can ~)
- させられる ~させられる — causative-passive (“be made to ~”)
- させる ~させる — causative (“make / let someone ~”)
- たがる ~たがる — a third person “wants to ~”
- てほしい ~てほしい — “I want you to ~”
- ていく ~ていく — “go on ~ing / from now on”
- ていた ~ていた — “was ~ing” (past continuous)
- てくれる ~てくれる — “someone does ~ for me”
- てくる ~てくる — “go and come back / become / start to ~”
- てみる ~てみる — “try ~ing”
- てもらう ~てもらう — “have / get someone to ~”
- ておく ~ておく — “do ~ in advance”
- てしまう / ちゃう ~てしまう / ~ちゃう — completion or regret
- てやる ~てやる — “do ~ for” (casual, to someone below)
- 受身形(うけみけい) Passive form (受身形) — be ~ed
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
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