JLPT N4 · Verb forms
てくれる (te kureru)
~てくれる — “someone does ~ for me”
In short · Shows that someone does something for you (or your family). Add くれる to the te-form; the person who does it is the subject.
Pattern
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動詞て形+くれるVerb te-form + くれる (手伝ってくれる)
How to use it
The giver is the subject and the receiver (me) is often left out: 兄が宿題を手伝ってくれた. It implies gratitude.
Related forms
I do for others: ~てあげる. Others do for me: ~てくれる. I receive from others: ~てもらう. For a superior doing something for you, use ~てくださる.
Examples
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兄(あに)が宿題(しゅくだい)を手伝(てつだ)ってくれました。
Ani ga shukudai o tetsudatte kuremashita.
My older brother helped me with my homework.
-
友達(ともだち)が重(おも)い荷物(にもつ)を持(も)ってくれました。
Tomodachi ga omoi nimotsu o motte kuremashita.
My friend carried the heavy luggage for me.
-
店員(てんいん)が親切(しんせつ)に道(みち)を教(おし)えてくれた。
Ten'in ga shinsetsu ni michi o oshiete kureta.
The shop clerk kindly told me the way.
Common mistakes
- The helper is the subject, not me.
- For superiors use くださる rather than くれる.
More grammar points
- 意向形(いこうけい) Volitional form (意向形) — “let's ~ / I will ~”
- ことができる ~ことができる — “can ~ / be able to ~”
- られる ~られる — potential form (can ~)
- させられる ~させられる — causative-passive (“be made to ~”)
- させる ~させる — causative (“make / let someone ~”)
- たがる ~たがる — a third person “wants to ~”
- てあげる ~てあげる — “do ~ for someone”
- てほしい ~てほしい — “I want you to ~”
- ていく ~ていく — “go on ~ing / from now on”
- ていた ~ていた — “was ~ing” (past continuous)
- てくる ~てくる — “go and come back / become / start to ~”
- てみる ~てみる — “try ~ing”
- てもらう ~てもらう — “have / get someone to ~”
- ておく ~ておく — “do ~ in advance”
- てしまう / ちゃう ~てしまう / ~ちゃう — completion or regret
- てやる ~てやる — “do ~ for” (casual, to someone below)
- 受身形(うけみけい) Passive form (受身形) — be ~ed
- 間(あいだ) 間 — “during ~ / while ~ / between ~”
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